نشریه دانشور پزشکی
پیاپی 84 (دی 1388)

Burn wound is a suitable site for the incidence of resistant infections. Thus, the research for finding of effective drugs against this infection is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Curcuma longa rhizome against bacteria isolated from burn wound infections and to compare with effects of selected antibiotics. First, a sample of methanolic extract of the plant rhizome was prepared. Then its antibacterial activity against 8 isolates of bacteria from 100 samples of burn wound infection was evaluated by well diffusion and then Agar Serial Dilution method. Also, the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of extract was determined. The effect of selected antibiotics was tested by disk diffusion method. The onava test was used to compare the results. The results demonstrated that the plant extract had been effected against 80% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 69% of Acinetobacter and more than 75% of Staphylococcus species. The MIC of the extract for this bacteria was 13.95,14.55 and 3.7 mg/ml respectively,while they were often resistant to selected antibiotics. There was significant difference between the effects of plant and antibiotics on all of them (P<0/05). This study demonstrates that methanolic extract of Curcuma longa have good antibacterial activity against most of bacteria isolated from burn wound infections. However, we need more investigation In vitro and In vivo.

Family members play a major role in providing care giving assistance to persons with disability. The aim of this study was to assess health related quality of life in war related bilateral lower limb amputees’ spouses. Materials­­ ­­­&­ A group consisting of 234 female were surveyed. The 36-items short-form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire was used to measure quality of life. Demographic data was collected using another questionnaire. The average age of the amputee’s spouses were 39.5 ± 6.3 years. More than half of the subjects were housewife 92.7 % (n=217) and 7.3 % (n=13) were employed. 27.8 % of spouses (n=65) had morbidity. The highest and lowest mean scores in the study population were found for physical function (76.62 ± 21.88) and bodily pain (53.58 ± 24.96) respectively. The quality of life of the spouses in four domain were significantly lower than Iranian female normal population (p<0.05). Unemployment, lower education in caregive r and history of hospitalization in survivors, were significantly accompanied with poorer health related quality of life in the spouses. The findings demonstarate that health related quality of life in caregive rs was poor. Attention should be paid to caregiver's health and well being. By identifying the burden that a caregiver experiences, interventions can be targeted more accurately to support family care giving.

Hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio (H/Q) is one of the most important knee injury risk factors. The aim of this research was to compare H/Q in female athletes and nonathletes. The subjects of this research were 28 female athletes with mean age, height and weight of 20.21±3.05 y, 163.48±5.73 cm and 57.74±7.01 kg, as well as 12 female nonathletes with mean age, height and weight of 21.5±1.9 y, 160±4.19 cm and 52.8±6.64 kg. After specification of data normality (with Kolmogorov–Smirnov test) independent sample T test was used to show differences between groups. Statistical analysis of data revealed that there was no significant difference in peak torque of H/Q between the athletes and non-athletes. Regular exercise is not main factor for knee balance and trainings should designed to establishing functional balance of hamstring and quadriceps for prevention of knee injuries

To determine the effect of oral zinc sulfate supplementation given with coamoxiclav as compared with coamoxiclav alone for treatment of otitis media with effusion (OME). The efficacy was assessed 3 and 6 weeks after administration. In a double – blind, randomized trial 4 to 14 years old children with OME who referred to ear, nose and throat clinic, were randomly assigned into two groups: Zinc group Placebo group. Children were examined by otoscopy and tympanometry at entry and after 3 weeks of treatment. For children who had not been cured completely after 3 weeks, treatment continued for more 3 weeks (total of 6 weeks). A total of 52 children were studied consisting zinc group 29 and placebo group 23 children. At the end of the first course of treatment (3 weeks) 62.1% of children in the zinc group had clinical improvement compared with 43.5% of children in placebo group.Tympanometrically, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups. There was no statistically difference between two groups at the end of second Course of treatment (6 weeks), too. But the response rate of zinc group was better than the placebo group (43.8 versus 12.5% clinically and 56.3 versus 40 tympanometrically) Zinc administration and cycles of treatment had not statistically significant relationship. Although in this study oral zinc sulfate supplementation had not statistically effect on treatment of OME, the response rate was better in zinc group compared to placebo group specially for longer administration. according to the findings, it seems more studies about oral zinc supplementation in the treatment of OME is needed.

The History of happiness is as long as the history of creation of the human being. during the past centuries, human being tried to move from painful and suffering conditions and reach to a better life condition for himself/herself. The present study intends to investigate the rate of happiness and effective factors on it and the effectiveness of happiness program education of Fordyce on martyrs’ and veterans’ families. In this study only individual, social, and familial factors were considered.

The method is interventional. Sample of 80 individuals was selected by available sampling method. The data was gathered by standardized Fordyce inventory with reliability coefficient of 0/81 and its validity was 0/84 in compared with the same tests. In the scholar-made test, the factors of happiness were examined with reliability coefficient of 0/87 and accepted validity. Data was analyzed by using the deductive methods of analysis of regression and t - test.

Personal factor with b = 0/181 and p<0/05 and familial factor with b = -0/013 and p<0/868 had role of effectiveness and non effectiveness on happy score respectively. Comparing experimental and control groups in happy score, the T-test showed significant diference between these groups.

Among the effective factors on happiness, personal factor influenced on happiness positively, but there was no significant relation about family and social factors. Also the results of experimental phase showed that training variables and changing the attitudes can enhance the rate of happiness in the individuals.

Management and rehabilitation of disabilities relevant to fine finger dexterities in spastic cerebral palsied patients is often complex and challenging, therefore exploiting an easy and effective method similar to music therapy for completing the rehabilitation process can be most essential. The Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Rhythmic-melodic stimulants on fine finger dexterities of spastic cerebral palsied children. twenty patients (9 girls and 11 boys) suffering from spastic cerebral palsy with ranging in age from 7-12 years participated in this semi-experimental study. Ten of them randomly assigned to experimental group and followed to control group. Musical intervention was performed for experimental group. Level in fine finger dexterity of two groups assessed before and after intervention via the Purdue pegboard Test. Data was analyzed by U Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results indicate that Patients in the experimental group demonstrated a significant increase from pretests to posttests in third, fourth and fifth stages of Purdue Pegboard test (P<0/05). However, there was no significantly difference between pretest and posttest of first and second stage (P>0/05) it seems as thought musical activities in this study only can affect and improves bilateral fine finger dexterities. However, there was no any effect in unilateral dexterities.

A one of the most power on assesses treatment effect is doubled-blind clinical trial. Therefore, deviation of protocol would impede the results in clinical trial. In practice (especially in studies which intervention is drug medication) is non-compliance. Researchers use intention-to-treat analysis for estimation of treatment effects in clinical trials with non-compliance. When there is noncompliance in participants, ITT estimation will have lower precision. In this paper we adjusted noncompliance effect to compare of active treatment and placebo. In this paper we used Mehdi-Barzy' study data that was a placebo control, double blind crossover clinical trial and the objective of this study in 42 patients was to assess efficacy of herbal pomade “A” (analgesic effect and improvement function) using locally in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis over 3 weeks. Our model adjusted intention-to-treat estimand under conditional compliance estimation. In the study 42 patients were participate with 30 (71.4%) women. Baseline variables like sex, age, education, weight, height are same in herbal joint and placebo groups. Portions of noncompliance in first and second period were 35.7 and 23.8 percent, respectively, in Mehdi-Barzy' study that based on ITT was adjusted. Standard error and likelihood ratio based on our model were less than standard model ITT estimand base on our model is better than standard ITT estimand in compare to active treatment and placebo effects.

The present study is a Quasi-experimental study which has been done in department of Emergency, Imam Khomeini hospital, Hamedan. The aim is to study the effects of hydrocolloid dressing as compared to 1 % silver sulfadiazine in healing process of the second degree burns. In this study we selected 30 patients every one was two burn lesions, one lesion a test group (with tragacanth gel dressing) and the second lesion ad control group (with 1% silver sulfadiazine dressing).The instruments were check list to determine the percentage of burn area, healing and check list to elaborate degree of pain. we completed for each dressing session. To analysis the data we used pair T-test and k-square and fisher test. According to results, duration of healing the wound in test group was 8.06 days and in control group it was 13.2 days, Using pair T-test there was a significant difference between two group (P=0.000) that indicates shorter periods of healing in second stage burns of test groups compared to control group also indicates meaning number the mild degree of pain (1.97) in test group as compared to moderate degree of pain (4.64) in control group, using pair T-test there was significant difference between two groups (P=0.000) that indicates test severe pain test group as compared to control group.One important finding was the score of wound healing was a significant statistical difference between two groups (P=0.000). Additionally for all criteria of burn healing there was a significant difference P<0.05 between two groups that indicates better healing process & second degree burns in test group compares to control group. it is suggested applying hydrocolloid dressing for second degree burns.

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), a 37-amino acid peptide, is broadly distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems of vertebrate and invertebrate species. The purpose of the present study was to investigation the effects of Concurrent (Resistance and Endurance) and Resistance Training on the content of CGRP in Slow and Fast Muscles of Adult Wistar Rats. Twenty -three male Wistar rats (10 mo of age, 220 ± 15 gr, Iran Pasteur Institute) were randomly divided in to three groups (control (n=7), concurrent training (n=8), and resistance training (n=8)). They completed 12 weeks of training according to protocols. Animals of the resistance group were placed in metal cage with a wire-mesh tower, with two water bottles set at the top. Concurrent group completed a combination of both resistance and endurance trainings (5 days a week, 60 min/day, 30 m/min speed). Forty-eight hours after the last session of protocols, animals were anaesthetized. The right Soleus (as slow muscle) and Anterior Tibialis (as fast muscle) were removed under sterile condition via an incision on dorsolateral of the hindlimb. The tissues were removed quickly and freezed in liquid Nitrogen and were kept at -70 ° C for later usage. For CGRP assay, ELISA kit was used. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. There was a significant difference between the control and concurrent training groups in slow muscle CGRP content. Moreover, the content of CGRP in both fast and slow muscles was significantly different when resistance training group was compared with the control group. Both resistance and concurrent training increased the content of CGRP in the fast and slow muscles. Therefore, CGRP increase depends on the nature of activity and probably its duration and intensity, more than muscle type.The results should be considered, in the role of CGRP in NMJ remodeling.